Blockchain based Internet of Things (Debashis De, Siddhartha Bhattacharyya etc.)

Blockchain for IoT-Based Cyber-Physical

Systems (CPS): Applications

and Challenges

Reham Abdelrazek Ali, Elmustafa Sayed Ali, Rania A. Mokhtar,

and Rashid A. Saeed

Abstract Cyber-Physical System (CPS) enables to combine the physical objects

with computing and storage capabilities to have data exchange in an interconnected

network of systems and objects. Blockchain is a recently distributed computing

paradigm that provides a promising solution for modern CPS application. It forms

an underpinning technique for CPS that offers strong added value to industrial IoT

(IIoT), fault-tolerant, reliable, secure, and efﬁcient computing infrastructure. The

inherent integration of consensus algorithms and distributed storage with advanced

security protocols provides powerful solutions for CPS applications. Blockchains in

CPSs/IoT ensure secure and saved information for different industrial applications

andachieveameansofadaptability,process,andoperationprotection,forexample,in

manufacturing, transportation, health care, and energy applications. This chapter will

provide extensive technical background for blockchain in IoT-based CPS. Applica-

tions, opportunities, and challenges for the combination of CPS, IoT, and blockchain

were presented.

Keywords Blockchain · IoT · IIoT · Cyber-physical system · Distributed

applications · Privacy · CPS · Cyber systems of system

R. A. Ali · E. S. Ali (B) · R. A. Mokhtar · R. A. Saeed

Department of Electronics Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology,

Khartoum, Sudan

E. S. Ali

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Red Sea University, Port Sudan, Sudan

R. A. Mokhtar · R. A. Saeed

Department of Computer Engineering, Taif University, Al-Taif,

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

D. De and S. Bhattacharyya (eds.), Blockchain based Internet of Things,

Lecture Notes on Data Engineering and Communications Technologies 112,

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9260-4_4